obstruir

See also: obstruír

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin obstruere, with normal change of conjugation to -ir.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

Verb

obstruir (first-person singular present obstrueixo, first-person singular preterite obstruí, past participle obstruït)

1. to obstruct

Conjugation

    Central Catalan conjugation of obstruir (third conjugation, with -eix-)

infinitive			obstruir
gerund			obstruint
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		obstruït		obstruïda
		plural		obstruïts		obstruïdes
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	obstrueixo	obstrueixes	obstrueix	obstruïm	obstruïu	obstrueixen
	imperfect	obstruïa	obstruïes	obstruïa	obstruíem	obstruíeu	obstruïen
	future	obstruiré	obstruiràs	obstruirà	obstruirem	obstruireu	obstruiran
	preterite	obstruí	obstruïres	obstruí	obstruírem	obstruíreu	obstruïren
	conditional	obstruiria	obstruiries	obstruiria	obstruiríem	obstruiríeu	obstruirien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	obstrueixi	obstrueixis	obstrueixi	obstruïm	obstruïu	obstrueixin
	imperfect	obstruís	obstruïssis	obstruís	obstruíssim	obstruíssiu	obstruïssin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	obstrueix	obstrueixi	obstruïm	obstruïu	obstrueixin
	negative (no)	—	no obstrueixis	no obstrueixi	no obstruïm	no obstruïu	no obstrueixin

Related terms

• obstrucció
• obstructiu

Further reading

• “obstruir”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

Portuguese

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der.

Proto-Indo-European *h₁épsder.

Proto-Indo-European *h₁óp(i)

Proto-Italic *op

Latin ob

Latin ob-

Proto-Indo-European *ster-

Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃-

Proto-Indo-European *strew-

Proto-Indo-European *-eti

Proto-Indo-European *stréweti

Proto-Italic *strowō

Latin struō

Latin obstruĕrelbor.

Portuguese obstruir

Learned borrowing from Latin obstruĕre.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /obsˈtɾujʁ/ [obsˈtɾuɪ̯h], /o.bisˈtɾujʁ/ [o.bisˈtɾuɪ̯h]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /obsˈtɾujʁ/ [obsˈtɾuɪ̯h], /o.bisˈtɾujʁ/ [o.bisˈtɾuɪ̯h]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /obsˈtɾujɾ/ [obsˈtɾuɪ̯ɾ], /o.bisˈtɾujɾ/ [o.bisˈtɾuɪ̯ɾ]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /obʃˈtɾujʁ/ [obʃˈtɾuɪ̯χ], /o.bisˈtɾujʁ/ [o.bisˈtɾuɪ̯χ]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /obsˈtɾujɻ/ [obsˈtɾuɪ̯ɻ], /o.bisˈtɾujɻ/ [o.bisˈtɾuɪ̯ɻ]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɔbʃˈtɾujɾ/ [ɔβʃˈtɾujɾ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɔbʃˈtɾujɾ/ [ɔβʃˈtɾujɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɔbʃˈtɾujɾ/

• Hyphenation: obs‧tru‧ir

Verb

obstruir (first-person singular present obstruo, first-person singular preterite obstruí, past participle obstruído)

1. to obstruct, block

Conjugation

    Conjugation of obstruir (irregular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	obstruir
Personal	obstruir	obstruíres	obstruir	obstruirmos	obstruirdes	obstruírem
Gerund
	obstruindo
Past participle
Masculine	obstruído			obstruídos
Feminine	obstruída			obstruídas
Indicative
Present	obstruo	obstruis	obstrui	obstruímos	obstruís	obstruem
Imperfect	obstruía	obstruías	obstruía	obstruíamos	obstruíeis	obstruíam
Preterite	obstruí	obstruíste	obstruiu	obstruímos	obstruístes	obstruíram
Pluperfect	obstruíra	obstruíras	obstruíra	obstruíramos	obstruíreis	obstruíram
Future	obstruirei	obstruirás	obstruirá	obstruiremos	obstruireis	obstruirão
Conditional	obstruiria	obstruirias	obstruiria	obstruiríamos	obstruiríeis	obstruiriam
Subjunctive
Present	obstrua	obstruas	obstrua	obstruamos	obstruais	obstruam
Imperfect	obstruísse	obstruísses	obstruísse	obstruíssemos	obstruísseis	obstruíssem
Future	obstruir	obstruíres	obstruir	obstruirmos	obstruirdes	obstruírem
Imperative
Affirmative		obstrui	obstrua	obstruamos	obstruí	obstruam
Negative (não)		não obstruas	não obstrua	não obstruamos	não obstruais	não obstruam

Related terms

• obstrução
• obstrutivo

Further reading

• “obstruir”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “obstruir”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der.

Proto-Indo-European *h₁épsder.

Proto-Indo-European *h₁óp(i)

Proto-Italic *op

Latin ob

Latin ob-

Proto-Indo-European *ster-

Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃-

Proto-Indo-European *strew-

Proto-Indo-European *-eti

Proto-Indo-European *stréweti

Proto-Italic *strowō

Latin struō

Latin obstruerelbor.

Spanish obstruir

Learned borrowing from Latin obstruere.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /obsˈtɾwiɾ/ [oβ̞sˈt̪ɾwiɾ]
• Rhymes: -iɾ
• Syllabification: obs‧truir

Verb

obstruir (first-person singular present obstruyo, first-person singular preterite obstruí, past participle obstruido)

1. to obstruct
2. to clog, to block

   Synonym: obturar

3. (reflexive) to clog, become clogged

Conjugation

    Conjugation of obstruir (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			obstruir
gerund			obstruyendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		obstruido		obstruida
		plural		obstruidos		obstruidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	obstruyo	obstruyestú obstruísvos	obstruye	obstruimos	obstruís	obstruyen
	imperfect	obstruía	obstruías	obstruía	obstruíamos	obstruíais	obstruían
	preterite	obstruí	obstruiste	obstruyó	obstruimos	obstruisteis	obstruyeron
	future	obstruiré	obstruirás	obstruirá	obstruiremos	obstruiréis	obstruirán
	conditional	obstruiría	obstruirías	obstruiría	obstruiríamos	obstruiríais	obstruirían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	obstruya	obstruyastú obstruyásvos2	obstruya	obstruyamos	obstruyáis	obstruyan
	imperfect (ra)	obstruyera	obstruyeras	obstruyera	obstruyéramos	obstruyerais	obstruyeran
	imperfect (se)	obstruyese	obstruyeses	obstruyese	obstruyésemos	obstruyeseis	obstruyesen
	future1	obstruyere	obstruyeres	obstruyere	obstruyéremos	obstruyereis	obstruyeren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		obstruyetú obstruívos	obstruya	obstruyamos	obstruid	obstruyan
	negative		no obstruyas	no obstruya	no obstruyamos	no obstruyáis	no obstruyan

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of obstruir

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive obstruir	dative	obstruirme	obstruirte	obstruirle, obstruirse	obstruirnos	obstruiros	obstruirles, obstruirse
	accusative	obstruirme	obstruirte	obstruirlo, obstruirla, obstruirse	obstruirnos	obstruiros	obstruirlos, obstruirlas, obstruirse
with gerund obstruyendo	dative	obstruyéndome	obstruyéndote	obstruyéndole, obstruyéndose	obstruyéndonos	obstruyéndoos	obstruyéndoles, obstruyéndose
	accusative	obstruyéndome	obstruyéndote	obstruyéndolo, obstruyéndola, obstruyéndose	obstruyéndonos	obstruyéndoos	obstruyéndolos, obstruyéndolas, obstruyéndose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative obstruye	dative	obstrúyeme	obstrúyete	obstrúyele	obstrúyenos	not used	obstrúyeles
	accusative	obstrúyeme	obstrúyete	obstrúyelo, obstrúyela	obstrúyenos	not used	obstrúyelos, obstrúyelas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative obstruí	dative	obstruime	obstruite	obstruile	obstruinos	not used	obstruiles
	accusative	obstruime	obstruite	obstruilo, obstruila	obstruinos	not used	obstruilos, obstruilas
with formal second-person singular imperative obstruya	dative	obstrúyame	not used	obstrúyale, obstrúyase	obstrúyanos	not used	obstrúyales
	accusative	obstrúyame	not used	obstrúyalo, obstrúyala, obstrúyase	obstrúyanos	not used	obstrúyalos, obstrúyalas
with first-person plural imperative obstruyamos	dative	not used	obstruyámoste	obstruyámosle	obstruyámonos	obstruyámoos	obstruyámosles
	accusative	not used	obstruyámoste	obstruyámoslo, obstruyámosla	obstruyámonos	obstruyámoos	obstruyámoslos, obstruyámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative obstruid	dative	obstruidme	not used	obstruidle	obstruidnos	obstruíos	obstruidles
	accusative	obstruidme	not used	obstruidlo, obstruidla	obstruidnos	obstruíos	obstruidlos, obstruidlas
with formal second-person plural imperative obstruyan	dative	obstrúyanme	not used	obstrúyanle	obstrúyannos	not used	obstrúyanles, obstrúyanse
	accusative	obstrúyanme	not used	obstrúyanlo, obstrúyanla	obstrúyannos	not used	obstrúyanlos, obstrúyanlas, obstrúyanse

Related terms

• obstrucción
• obstructivo

See also

• estorbar

Further reading

• “obstruir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), 24th edition, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 30 October 2026