
ãéèŠãªæšèšãã¹ãðããJapanese Foreign Exchange Interventions, 1971-2018:Estimating a Reaction Function Using the Best ProxyãïŒå è¡ç 究解説 No.8ð2023/10/17
IntroductionïŒåæ¥è«æã¯æ©ãã«ä»äžãããð
ç§ãããããåæ¥è«æã®å·çã«
åããããææããã£ãŠåããŸããð
äœäºãã¢ãŠããããåæã®ã€ã³ãããã
倧äºã§ãããšãnoteã§æ¯æ¥çºä¿¡ããŠããŸãã
ããã¯ãã©ã®ãããªå
容ã§
ãã£ãŠãåœãŠã¯ãŸããŸãð
è«æãäžæŠã«èªãã§ã
èšæ¶ã«æ®ã£ãŠããªãã£ãã
倧åãªèгç¹ãå¿ããŠããŸã£ãŠãããããã
åæ¥è«æã®é²æã¯æ»ã£ãŠããŸããšæããŸã
ã ããããããã®ãnoteãããã«æŽ»çšããŠ
åæ¥è«æã1ïŒ
ã§ã
宿ã«åããŠé²ããŠãããããšæããŸã
ç§ã®åè«å·çãžã®è»è·¡ã
ã©ãããæèªãã ããð
ä»åã®åèæç®ð¥
ä»åãèªã¿é²ããŠããè«æã¯
ãã¡ãã®URLã«ãªããŸãð
ãJapanese Foreign Exchange Interventions, 1971-2018: Estimating a Reaction Function Using the Best Proxyã
Takatoshi Ito(a), Tomoyoshi Yabu(b)
(a) School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University, and GRIPS, Tokyo
(b) Department of Business and Commerce, Keio University
èªã¿çµããå è¡ç ç©¶ð
ãæ¥æ¬ã®çºæ¿ä»å
¥ã®åæããäŒè€éæã»è
çµæžç ç©¶ãVol.54 No.2 Apr. 2003
ãEffects of the Bank of Japanâs intervention on yen/dollar exchange rate volatilityã21 November 2004
Toshiaki Watanabe (a), Kimie Harada (b)
ãThe Effects of Japanese Foreign Exchange Intervention: GARCH Estimation and Change Point Detectionã
Eric Hillebrand Gunther Schnabl Discussion
Paper No.6 October 2003
Japanese Foreign Exchange Interventions, 1971-2018: Estimating a Reaction Function Using the Best ProxyÂ
December 12, 2019
Takatoshi Ito(a), Tomoyoshi Yabu(b)
(a) School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University, and GRIPS, Tokyo
(b) Department of Business and Commerce, Keio University
ååã®ã埩ç¿ãð
3.3. Important adjustments in the test
In testing for the best proxy, it is important to distinguish transaction-based interventions from settlement-based interventions.
Due to the market practice in the foreign exchange market, settlement is done two business days after transactionsâa rule known as t+2.
æé©ãªä»£ç倿°(Proxy)ãæ€å®ããå ŽåããååŒããŒã¹ã®ä»å ¥(transaction-based interventions)ããšã決æžããŒã¹ã®ä»å ¥(settlement-based interventions)ããåºå¥ããããšãéèŠã«ãªããŸã

å€åœçºæ¿åžå Žã®åžå Žæ
£è¡ã«ãããæ±ºæžã¯ååŒã® 2 å¶æ¥æ¥åŸã«è¡ããããšãã"t+2"ãšããŠç¥ãããŠããã«ãŒã«ã«åºã¥ããŸã
The following is true of any transaction in the foreign exchange market: For example, if Bank A buys yen from Bank B in exchange for US dollars on Monday, the transactions are recorded as having taken place on Monday.
However, the currency is not actually sent to until Wednesday. Transactions between the monetary authority and its counterpart in the market are no exception.
å€åœçºæ¿åžå Žã®ããããååŒã«æ¬¡ã®ããšãåœãŠã¯ãŸããŸã
ããšãã°ãæææ¥ã«éè¡Aãç±³ãã«ãšåŒãæãã«éè¡Bããåã賌å
¥ããå ŽåãååŒã¯æææ¥ã«è¡ããããã®ãšããŠèšé²ãããŸã
ãã ããé貚ã®ééã¯å®éã«ã¯æææ¥ã§ã¯ãããŸããð
t+2æ¥ã«ãŒã«ããæ°Žææ¥ãŸã§ã«ã¯ãäž¡éè¡éã§ååŒãããŸã
éèåœå±ãšåžå Žã®å¯Ÿå¿è
ãšã®éã®ååŒããã®äŸå€ã§ã¯ãããŸãã
Supposing that the monetary authority intervenes in the market to purchase foreign currency (say, US dollars) by selling domestic currency (say, yen) on Monday, the market impact should be immediate.
In the market, if it is impressed by the authority's move, foreign currencies will appreciate (preventing further depreciation) on Monday.
However, actual payments of yen and receipts of the foreign currency by the authority do not take place until Wednesday.
æææ¥ã«éèåœå±ãåžå Žã«ä»å
¥ããŠèªåœé貚ïŒããšãã°åïŒã売ã£ãŠå€è²šïŒããšãã°ç±³ãã«ïŒã賌å
¥ãããšä»®å®ãããšãå€åœçºæ¿åžå Žã«ãããçºæ¿ã¬ãŒããžã®åœ±é¿ã¯å³åº§ã«çŸããã¯ãã§ã
ãŸããåžå Žã§ã¯é貚åœå±ã®åãã«è¡æãåããã°ãæææ¥ã«ã¯å€è²šãäžæããïŒãããªãäžèœãé²ãïŒããšã«ãªãã§ããã
ãã ããåœå±ã«ããå®éã®åã®æ¯æããšå€è²šã®åãåãã¯ãt+2æ¥åŸã§ããæ°Žææ¥ãŸã§è¡ãããŸãã
Official records, the balance sheets of the central banks, or the government's fiscal account that records actual changes in government's assets and liabilities do not change until Wednesday.
Thus, any interventions that are so recognized by the market and so recorded in the official statistics of interventions during the last two business days of the month (say, m) will not be recorded as a change in the balance sheet or fiscal accounts of the central bank and the government in month m, but rather in month m+1.
This fact is important in evaluating the precision of a monthly proxy, by using daily intervention amounts for the period that daily intervention amounts are officially disclosed.
å
¬åŒãªäŒèšã®èšé²ãããªãã¡äžå€®éè¡ã®è²žå察ç
§è¡š(balance sheets)ããŸãã¯æ¿åºã®è³ç£ãšè² åµã®å®éã®å€åãèšé²ããæ¿åºã®è²¡æ¿å£åº§ã¯æ°Žææ¥ãŸã§å€æŽãããããšã¯ãããŸãã
ãããã£ãŠãåžå Žã«ãã£ãŠèªèããããã®æïŒææ¬¡ãmãããïŒã®æåŸã® 2 å¶æ¥æ¥ã®éã«ä»å
¥ã®å
¬åŒçµ±èšã«èšé²ãããä»å
¥ã¯ã貞å察ç
§è¡šã財æ¿å£åº§ã®å€æŽãšããŠèšé²ãããŸãã
äžå€®éè¡ãšæ¿åºã¯ãmæã§ã¯ãªããm+1æã®ããŒã¿ãšããŠæ£åŒã«å
¬è¡šãããããšã«ãªãã®ã§ã
ãã®ããšã¯ãæ¥æ¬¡ä»å
¥é¡ãå
¬è¡šãããŠããæéã®æ¥æ¬¡ä»å
¥é¡ãçšããŠãææ¬¡ä»£ç倿°ãè©äŸ¡ããäžã§éèŠã§ãããšèšããã®ã§ã
æ¬æ¥ã®è§£èª¬ã¯ããããŸã§ãšããŸã
ãã®ãããªæŽå²ãå
è¡ç ç©¶ããã£ããçè§£ããäžã§ãåæ¥è«æå·çã«åãçµãã§ããããã§ã
ä»åãç§ãåæ¥è«æå·çã«ãããŠåãäžãã
24幎ã¶ãã®ãå宿¯æ£ãä»å
¥ã¯æ¬åœã«ã¬ã¢ãªçµæžæ¿ç
ãšããããšãåèªèã§ãããããªæ°ãããŸãð
ç§ã®ç ç©¶ããŒãã«ã€ããŠð
ç§ã¯ãçºæ¿ä»å
¥ã®å®èšŒåæããããŒãã«
åæ¥è«æãå·çããããšèããŠããŸãð
æ¥æ¬çµæžãèãããšãã«ãçºæ¿ã¬ãŒãã«ãã£ãŠ
貿æååŒãçµåžžåæ¯ãå€åããã
æ ªã蚌åžã嵿š©ãšãã£ãéèè³ç£ã®åççã
å€åããããšæ¥æ¬çµæžãšçºæ¿ã¬ãŒããšã¯
åã£ãŠãåããªãçžãããã®ã§ãð
ïŒåðŽã ãã«ïœ¥ïœ¥ïœ¥ïŒ
çµæžã·ã§ãã¯ã«ãã£ãŠ
çºæ¿ã¬ãŒããå€åãããš
ãã®åœ±é¿ã¯ç§ãã¡ã®ç掻ã«å€§ãã圱é¿ããŸã
ã ãããããçºæ¿ã¬ãŒãã®å®å®æ§ã
æ
ä¿ãããããªçºæ¿ä»å
¥ã¯ãã¯ãçµæžæ¿çã«
ãããŠãéåžžã«éèŠãªæçŸ©ãæã£ãŠãããš
æšæž¬ããŠããŸã
決ããŠåŠéšçãæ¥œããŠå·çã§ãã
ç°¡åãªããŒããéžæããŠããããã§ã¯ç¡ããšä¿¡ããŠããŸã
ãã ããã®åæ¥è«æãããåãããšã
ç§ã®åŠççæŽ»ã®é倧æãšãªãããšã¯äºå®ãªã®ã§
æåŸãŸã§ã³ãã³ããšåãçµãã§åããŸãð¥
æ¬æ¥ã®è§£èª¬ã¯ã以äžãšããŸãð
ä»åŸãçµæžåŠçè«éãªãã³ã«
瀟äŒèª²é¡ã«å¯ŸããçµæžåŠçèŠç¹ã«ãã説æãªã©
ææçŸ©ãªå
容ãçºä¿¡ã§ããããã«
åªããŠãŸãããŸãã®ã§
ä»åŸãšãå®ãããé¡ãããŸãð¥º
ãã¬ãžã³ã®ã玹ä»ð
ãã¡ãã®ãã¬ãžã³ã«ãŠ
åæ¥è«æå·çãžã®è»è·¡
ãšãã»ã³ã·ã£ã«çµæžåŠçè«éããªãã³ã«
ãåœéçµæžåŠðãã®åºç€çè«ããŸãšããŠããŸã
ä»åŸãããã«ã³ã³ãã³ããæ¡å
ã§ããããã«åªããŠåããŸãã®ã§äœåãããããé¡ãç³ãäžããŸãð
æåŸãŸã§ãæèªããã ãèª ã«æé£ãããããŸããïŒ
ãããŸã§ãç§ã®èŠè§£ãæã£ãããšã
ãŸãšããããŠããã ããŠãŸãã
ãã®ç¹ã«é¢ããŸããŠããäºæ¿ãã ããð
ãã®æçš¿ãã¿ãŠãã ãã£ãæ¹ã
ã»ãã®å°ããªäºã§ãåŠã³ããã£ãïŒ
èãæ¹ã®åŒãåºããå¢ããïŒ
èªæžããåŠã¹ãããšãå€ãïŒ
ãªã©ãªã©ããã©ã¹ã®åç©«ããã£ãã®ã§ããã°
倧å€å¬ããæããŸãããæçš¿äœæã®å¥å©ã«å°œããŸãïŒïŒ
ãæ°è»œã«ã³ã¡ã³ããããããã¹ããð
ãããŠããå·®ãæ¯ããªããã°
ãã©ããŒïŒã·ã§ã¢ããé¡ããããã§ãð
ä»åŸãšãäœåãããããé¡ãããããŸãïŒ