
ãçè«çèæ¯ããã®èå¯ðããThe Effects of Japanese Foreign Exchange Intervention: GARCH Estimation and Change Point DetectionãïŒå è¡ç 究解説 No.3 2023/09/16
IntroductionïŒåæ¥è«æã¯æ©ãã«ä»äžãããð
ç§ãããããåæ¥è«æã®å·çã«
åããããææããã£ãŠåããŸããð
äœäºãã¢ãŠããããåæã®ã€ã³ãããã
倧äºã§ãããšãnoteã§æ¯æ¥çºä¿¡ããŠããŸãã
ããã¯ãã©ã®ãããªå
容ã§
ãã£ãŠãåœãŠã¯ãŸããŸãð
è«æãäžæŠã«èªãã§ã
èšæ¶ã«æ®ã£ãŠããªãã£ãã
倧åãªèгç¹ãå¿ããŠããŸã£ãŠãããããã
åæ¥è«æã®é²æã¯æ»ã£ãŠããŸããšæããŸã
ã ããããããã®ãnoteãããã«æŽ»çšããŠ
åæ¥è«æã1ïŒ
ã§ã
宿ã«åããŠé²ããŠãããããšæããŸã
ç§ã®åè«å·çãžã®è»è·¡ã
ã©ãããæèªãã ããð
ä»åã®åèæç®ð
ä»åãèªã¿é²ããŠããè«æã¯
ãã¡ãã®URLã«ãªããŸãð
ãThe Effects of Japanese Foreign Exchange Intervention: GARCH Estimation and Change Point Detectionã
Eric Hillebrand Gunther Schnabl Discussion
Paper No.6 October 2003
èªã¿çµããå è¡ç ç©¶ð
ãæ¥æ¬ã®çºæ¿ä»å
¥ã®åæããäŒè€éæã»è
çµæžç ç©¶ãVol.54 No.2 Apr. 2003
ãEffects of the Bank of Japanâs intervention on yen/dollar exchange rate volatilityã21 November 2004
Toshiaki Watanabe (a), Kimie Harada (b)
ååã®ã埩ç¿ãð
The Effects of Japanese Foreign Exchange Intervention: GARCH Estimation and Change Point Detection
Eric Hillebrand Department of Economics, Louisiana State University
Gunther Schnabl Department of Economics and Business Administration, Tuebingen
2. Theoretical and Empirical Backgroundâ
The discussion on the effectiveness of foreign exchange intervention has been focused primarily on so-called sterilized intervention, which neutralizes the effects of official currency purchases on the monetary base and thereby the interest rate.Â
Unsterilized intervention, which allows foreign exchange intervention to change the monetary base, is excluded from the discussion because it clearly affects the exchange rate as any other form of monetary policy.
Japanâs foreign exchange intervention can be assumed to be completely and instantaneously sterilized, as is generally the case for the central banks that issue the major international currencies (Federal Reserve, European Central Bank, Bank of Japan).
å€åœçºæ¿ä»å ¥ã®æå¹æ§ã«é¢ããè°è«ã¯ãããã¿ãªãŒããŒã¹ãã²ããŠã¯éå©ã«å¯Ÿããå ¬çéè²šè³Œå ¥ã®åœ±é¿ãäžåãããããããäžèåä»å ¥(Sterilized intervention)ã«äž»ã«çŠç¹ãåœãŠãããŠããŸããð
äžæ¹ãããã¿ãªãŒããŒã¹ã倿Žããçºæ¿ä»å
¥ãå¯èœã«ããéäžèåä»å
¥(Unsterilized intervention)ã¯ãä»ã®éèæ¿çãšåæ§ã«çºæ¿ã¬ãŒãã«æããã«åœ±é¿ãäžãããããè°è«ããé€å€ãããã¯ããªã®ã§ãð
äž»èŠãªåœéé貚ãçºè¡ããäžå€®éè¡ïŒé£éŠæºåå¶åºŠã欧å·äžå€®éè¡ãæ¥æ¬éè¡ïŒã®å Žåãšåæ§ã«ãæ¥æ¬ã®çºæ¿ä»å
¥ã¯å®å
šãã€ç¬æã«äžèåããããšæ³å®ãããŠããã®ã§ã
 Since the so-called Jurgensen report (Jurgensen 1983) there has been a broad discussion as to whether sterilized foreign exchange intervention is capable of successfully targeting a certain level of the exchange rate.
The portfolio balance modelsâbased on the assumption that foreign and domestic assets are imperfect substitutesâargued that sterilized intervention can effect the exchange rate by changing the relative supplies and thereby the relative returns of foreign and domestic assets (Rogoff 1984)
ãããããŠã«ã²ã³ã»ã³å ±åæžïŒãŠã«ã²ã³ã»ã³ 1983ïŒä»¥æ¥ãäžèåãããçºæ¿ä»å
¥(sterilized foreign exchange intervention)ããã¬ãã«ã®çºæ¿ã¬ãŒããã¿ãŒã²ããã«ã€ã³ãã¯ããäžããããšãã§ãããã©ãããã«ã€ããŠåºç¯ãªè°è«ãè¡ãããŠããŸãã
å€åœè³ç£ãšåœå
è³ç£ã¯äžå®å
šãªä»£æ¿åã§ãããšããä»®å®ã«åºã¥ãããŒããã©ãªãªãã©ã³ã¹ã¢ãã«ããã°ãäžèåä»å
¥ã¯ãå€è²šã®çžå¯ŸçãªäŸçµŠéãå€ããããšã§ãããã«ãã£ãŠçžå¯Ÿçãªæµ·å€ããã³åœå
è³ç£ã®å²åã«å¯Ÿããåççãå€åããå¯èœæ§ããã (Rogoff 1984)ãšããã¡ã«ããºã ãããçºæ¿ã¬ãŒãã«åœ±é¿ãäžãããããšãã䞻匵ããããŸã
An empirical test of the portfolio balance model by Dominguez and Frankel (1993) supported this view for Japanese foreign exchange intervention between 1984 and 1990.
More recently Ramaswamy and Samiei (2000) argued that Japanese foreign exchange interventions in the yen/dollar market during the 1990s have been âat least partially effectiveâ and that even sterilized interventions have mattered in the yen/dollar market.
Without examining the transmission channel, an extensive study by Ito (2002) concludes that Japanese foreign exchange intervention under âMr. Yenâ Eisuke Sakakibara have produced the intended effects on the yen/dollar rate during the 1990s.
Fatum and Hutchison (1999) find evidence for successful sterilized foreign exchange intervention of Japanese monetary authorities based on an event study approach.
Based on a broad variety of GARCH estimations Beine and Szafarz (2003) find Japanese foreign exchange intervention successfulâin particular if coordinated with the US.
DominguezãšFrankel (1993) ã«ããããŒããã©ãªãªãã©ã³ã¹ã¢ãã«ã®å®èšŒçãã¹ãã¯ã1984幎ãã1990幎ãŸã§ã®æ¥æ¬ã®çºæ¿ä»å
¥ã«é¢ãããã®èŠè§£ïŒïŒäžèåãããçºæ¿ä»å
¥æ¿çãããŒããã©ãªãªã»ãã©ã³ã¹ã»ãã£ãã«ãéããŠçºæ¿ã¬ãŒãã«åœ±é¿ãäžããïŒãè£ä»ããŠããŸãð
ããã«æè¿ã§ã¯ãRamaswamyãšSamiei (2000) ã¯ã1984幎ãã 1990幎ã«ãããŠã®æ¥æ¬ã®å/ãã«åžå Žãžã®å€åœçºæ¿ä»å
¥ã«å¯ŸããŠæ¬¡ã®ããã«äž»åŒµãè¿°ã¹ãããŠããŸã
1990幎代ã¯ãå°ãªããšãéšåçã«ã¯å¹æããã£ãããšããäžèåãããä»å
¥ã§ãã£ãŠãå/ãã«åžå Žã§ã¯éèŠãªæ¿çã§ãã£ããšçµè«ã¥ããŠããŸã
çºæ¿ä»å
¥æ¿çã«ããçºæ¿ã¬ãŒããžã®äŒéçµè·¯(transmission channel)ã調æ»ããããšãªããIto (2002) ã«ããåºç¯ãªç ç©¶ã§ã¯ãããã¹ã¿ãŒã»åããšç§°ãããŠããæŠåè±è³æ°ã®äžã§å®æœããã1990 å¹Žä»£ã®æ¥æ¬ã®çºæ¿ä»å
¥ããå/ãã«ã¬ãŒãã«æå³ãã广ããããããŸãããšçµè«ä»ããŠããŸãð
ãŸããFatum and Hutchison (1999) ã¯ãã€ãã³ãã»ã¹ã¿ãã£ã»ã¢ãããŒãã«åºã¥ããŠãæ¥æ¬ã®éèåœå±ã®äžèåãããçºæ¿ä»å
¥ãæåãã蚌æ ãçºèŠããŸããð
ããŸããŸãªGARCHã¢ãã«ã®æšèšã«åºã¥ããŠãBeine and Szafarz (2003) ã¯ãç¹ã«ç±³åœã®é貚åœå±ãšèª¿æŽããå調ä»å
¥ã®å Žåãæ¥æ¬ã®çºæ¿ä»å
¥ã¯æåãããšããç ç©¶ãæ®ããŠããŸã
In contrast, Sarno and Taylor (2001) argue thatâat least among the currencies of the major industrial countries where capital markets have become increasingly integrated and the degree of substitutability between financial assets has increasedâsterilized intervention does not affect exchange rates through the portfolio channel.
According to Dominguez (1998) sterilized foreign exchange intervention is by definition unsuccessful, as it leaves the domestic money supply unchanged.
If the official foreign currency transactions do not affect domestic interest ratesâand thus do not trigger adjustments in the international investment portfoliosâ the intervention volumes are too small in relation to the huge international foreign exchange markets to have a sustained effect.
ãããŸã§ãšã®è°è«ãšã¯å¯Ÿç
§çã«ãSarno and Taylor (2001) ã¯ãå°ãªããšãè³æ¬åžå Žã®çµ±åãé²ã¿ãéèè³ç£éã®ä»£æ¿æ§ã®çšåºŠãé«ãŸã£ãŠããäž»èŠå
é²åœã®é貚ã§ã¯ãäžèåãããä»å
¥ã¯ããŒããã©ãªãªãã©ã³ã¹ãã£ãã«å
šäœãéããŠãçºæ¿ã¬ãŒãã«åœ±é¿ãäžããªããšäž»åŒµããŠããã®ã§ãðŠ
ãŸããDominguez (1998) ã«ããã°ãäžèåãããå€åœçºæ¿ä»å
¥ã¯ãåœå
ã®é貚äŸçµŠéãå€ãããªããŸãŸã§ãããããããŒããã©ãªãªã»ãã©ã³ã¹ã»ã¢ãã«ã®å®çŸ©äžããã®ã€ã³ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãæ£ããçè§£ããããšã¯å€±æã§ãããšããããšã䞻匵ããŠããŸã
ããå
¬çãªå€è²šååŒããåœå
éå©ã«åœ±é¿ãäžããªãå Žåãåœéçãªæè³ããŒããã©ãªãªã®èª¿æŽãåŒãèµ·ããããããšã¯ãããŸãã
ãããã£ãŠã巚倧ãªåœéå€åœçºæ¿åžå Žãšæ¯èŒããŠä»å
¥éãå°ãªããããããçºæ¿ã¬ãŒãã«ããããæç¶çãªå¹æãåŸãããªããªããšããããšã«ãªãã®ã§ãðŠ
æ¬æ¥ã®è§£èª¬ã¯ããããŸã§ãšããŸã
ãã®ãããªæŽå²ãå
è¡ç ç©¶ããã£ããçè§£ããäžã§ãåæ¥è«æå·çã«åãçµãã§ããããã§ã
ä»åãç§ãåæ¥è«æå·çã«ãããŠåãäžãã
24幎ã¶ãã®ãå宿¯æ£ãä»å
¥ã¯æ¬åœã«ã¬ã¢ãªçµæžæ¿ç
ãšããããšãåèªèã§ãããããªæ°ãããŸãð
ç§ã®ç ç©¶ããŒãã«ã€ããŠð
ç§ã¯ãçºæ¿ä»å
¥ã®å®èšŒåæããããŒãã«
åæ¥è«æãå·çããããšèããŠããŸãð
æ¥æ¬çµæžãèãããšãã«ãçºæ¿ã¬ãŒãã«ãã£ãŠ
貿æååŒãçµåžžåæ¯ãå€åããã
æ ªã蚌åžã嵿š©ãšãã£ãéèè³ç£ã®åççã
å€åããããšæ¥æ¬çµæžãšçºæ¿ã¬ãŒããšã¯
åã£ãŠãåããªãçžãããã®ã§ãð
ïŒåðŽã ãã«ïœ¥ïœ¥ïœ¥ïŒ
çµæžã·ã§ãã¯ã«ãã£ãŠ
çºæ¿ã¬ãŒããå€åãããš
ãã®åœ±é¿ã¯ç§ãã¡ã®ç掻ã«å€§ãã圱é¿ããŸã
ã ãããããçºæ¿ã¬ãŒãã®å®å®æ§ã
æ
ä¿ãããããªçºæ¿ä»å
¥ã¯ãã¯ãçµæžæ¿çã«
ãããŠãéåžžã«éèŠãªæçŸ©ãæã£ãŠãããš
æšæž¬ããŠããŸã
決ããŠåŠéšçãæ¥œããŠå·çã§ãã
ç°¡åãªããŒããéžæããŠããããã§ã¯ç¡ããšä¿¡ããŠããŸã
ãã ããã®åæ¥è«æãããåãããšã
ç§ã®åŠççæŽ»ã®é倧æãšãªãããšã¯äºå®ãªã®ã§
æåŸãŸã§ã³ãã³ããšåãçµãã§åããŸãð¥
æ¬æ¥ã®è§£èª¬ã¯ã以äžãšããŸãð
ä»åŸãçµæžåŠçè«éãªãã³ã«
瀟äŒèª²é¡ã«å¯ŸããçµæžåŠçèŠç¹ã«ãã説æãªã©
ææçŸ©ãªå
容ãçºä¿¡ã§ããããã«
åªããŠãŸãããŸãã®ã§
ä»åŸãšãå®ãããé¡ãããŸãð¥º
ãã¬ãžã³ã®ã玹ä»ð
ãã¡ãã®ãã¬ãžã³ã«ãŠ
åæ¥è«æå·çãžã®è»è·¡
ãšãã»ã³ã·ã£ã«çµæžåŠçè«éããªãã³ã«
ãåœéçµæžåŠðãã®åºç€çè«ããŸãšããŠããŸã
ä»åŸãããã«ã³ã³ãã³ããæ¡å
ã§ããããã«åªããŠåããŸãã®ã§äœåãããããé¡ãç³ãäžããŸãð
æåŸãŸã§ãæèªããã ãèª ã«æé£ãããããŸããïŒ
ãããŸã§ãç§ã®èŠè§£ãæã£ãããšã
ãŸãšããããŠããã ããŠãŸãã
ãã®ç¹ã«é¢ããŸããŠããäºæ¿ãã ããð
ãã®æçš¿ãã¿ãŠãã ãã£ãæ¹ã
ã»ãã®å°ããªäºã§ãåŠã³ããã£ãïŒ
èãæ¹ã®åŒãåºããå¢ããïŒ
èªæžããåŠã¹ãããšãå€ãïŒ
ãªã©ãªã©ããã©ã¹ã®åç©«ããã£ãã®ã§ããã°
倧å€å¬ããæããŸãããæçš¿äœæã®å¥å©ã«å°œããŸãïŒïŒ
ãæ°è»œã«ã³ã¡ã³ããããããã¹ããð
ãããŠããå·®ãæ¯ããªããã°
ãã©ããŒïŒã·ã§ã¢ããé¡ããããã§ãð
ä»åŸãšãäœåãããããé¡ãããããŸãïŒ
ãã®èšäºãåå ããŠããåé
- #
ãããããããã¹ããŒãããã¥ã¡ã³ã¿ãªãŒ
324ä»¶ - #
ãã³ãã£ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã奜ã
2,864ä»¶