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Paracetamol

Kubijyanye na Wikipedia
Umuti wa Paracetamol

Paracetamol, izwi kandi nka acetaminophen, ni umuti ukoreshwa cyane mu kugabanya ububabare n'umuriro. Ufatwa mu kanwa, mu kibuno cyangwa mu rushinge mu mutsi.

Wakozwe bwa mbere mu 1877, kandi uri ku rutonde rw'imiti y'ingenzi y'Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima.

Ikoreshwa mu buvuzi

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Paracetamol, izwi kandi nka acetaminofeni, ni imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura ububabare n'umuriro.[1][2] Ubusanzwe ikoreshwa muburyo bworoshye bwo kugabanya ububabare.[1] Ibimenyetso bivanze kubikoresha kugirango bigabanye umuriro mubana.[3][4] Bikunze kugurishwa bifatanije nindi miti, nko mumiti myinshi ikonje.[1] Paracetamol ikoreshwa kandi mububabare bukabije, nk'ububabare bwa kanseri n'ububabare nyuma yo kubagwa, bufatanije n'imiti y'ububabare bwa opioid.[5] Ubusanzwe ikoreshwa haba kumunwa cyangwa kugororoka, ariko iraboneka no guterwa mumitsi.[1][6] Ingaruka zimara hagati yamasaha abiri nane.[6]

Ingaruka mbi n'uko ikora

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Paracetamol muri rusange ifite umutekano mugihe gikenewe.[7][8] Icyifuzo ntarengwa cya buri munsi kumuntu mukuru ni garama eshatu kugeza enye.[9][10][8] Umubare munini urashobora gutera uburozi, harimo no kunanirwa kwumwijima.[1] Ni gake cyane ibisebe byuruhu bishobora kubaho.[1] Bigaragara ko bifite umutekano mugihe cyo gutwita no konsa.[1] Ku bafite uburwayi bwumwijima, irashobora gukoreshwa, ariko mukigero cyo hasi.[11] Byashyizwe mubikorwa byo gusesengura byoroheje.[6] Ntabwo ifite ibikorwa byingenzi byo kurwanya inflammatory.[12] Uburyo ikora ntabwo isobanutse neza.[12][13][14]

Amateka n'igiciro

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Paracetamol yakozwe bwa mbere mu 1877.[15] Niwo muti ukoreshwa cyane mu kubabara no kugira umuriro muri Amerika ndetse n'Uburayi.[16] Ari kurutonde rwumuryango wubuzima ku isi urutonde rwimiti yingenzi.[17] Paracetamol iraboneka nkumuti rusange, hamwe namazina yikirango arimo Tylenol na Panadol nibindi.[18] Igiciro cyinshi mugihugu kiri mu nzira y'amajyambere kiri munsi ya US$0.01 kuri dose.[19] Muri Amerika, igura US$0.04 kuri dose.[20] Muri 2017, yari imiti ya 25 ikunze gutangwa muri Amerika, hamwe na miliyoni zirenga 24 zandikiwe.[21][22]

Inyandiko

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  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Acetaminophen". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 5 June 2016. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  2. ↑ Lee, WM (December 2017). "Acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity-Isn't it time for APAP to go away?". Journal of Hepatology. 67 (6): 1324–1331. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2017.07.005. PMC 5696016. PMID 28734939.
  3. ↑ Meremikwu M, Oyo-Ita A (2002). "Paracetamol for treating fever in children". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2): CD003676. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003676. PMC 6532671. PMID 12076499.
  4. ↑ de Martino M, Chiarugi A (2015). "Recent Advances in Pediatric Use of Oral Paracetamol in Fever and Pain Management". Pain and Therapy. 4 (2): 149–168. doi:10.1007/s40122-015-0040-z. PMC 4676765. PMID 26518691.
  5. ↑ Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) (2008). "6.1 and 7.1.1" (PDF). Guideline 106: Control of pain in adults with cancer. Scotland: National Health Service (NHS). ISBN 9781905813384. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 December 2010.
  6. 1 2 3 Hochhauser, Daniel (2014). Cancer and its Management. John Wiley & Sons. p. 119. ISBN 9781118468715. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.
  7. ↑ Russell FM, Shann F, Curtis N, Mulholland K (2003). "Evidence on the use of paracetamol in febrile children". Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 81 (5): 367–72. hdl:10665/268935. ISSN 0042-9686. PMC 2572451. PMID 12856055.
  8. 1 2 Machado GC, Maher CG, Ferreira PH, Pinheiro MB, Lin CW, Day RO, McLachlan AJ, Ferreira ML (31 March 2015). "Efficacy and safety of paracetamol for spinal pain and osteoarthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo controlled trials". BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 350: h1225. doi:10.1136/bmj.h1225. PMC 4381278. PMID 25828856.
  9. ↑ "Paracetamol for adults: painkiller to treat aches, pains and fever". National Health Service. Archived from the original on 22 August 2017. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
  10. ↑ "What are the recommended maximum daily dosages of acetaminophen in adults and children?". Medscape. Archived from the original on 21 December 2018. Retrieved 19 December 2018.
  11. ↑ Lewis JH, Stine JG (June 2013). "Review article: prescribing medications in patients with cirrhosis - a practical guide". Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 37 (12): 1132–56. doi:10.1111/apt.12324. PMID 23638982.
  12. 1 2 McKay, Gerard A.; Walters, Matthew R. (2013). "Non-Opioid Analgesics". Lecture Notes Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (9th ed.). Hoboken: Wiley. ISBN 9781118344897. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  13. ↑ Ghanem CI, Pérez MJ, Manautou JE, Mottino AD (July 2016). "Acetaminophen from liver to brain: New insights into drug pharmacological action and toxicity". Pharmacological Research. 109: 119–31. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2016.02.020. PMC 4912877. PMID 26921661.
  14. ↑ Viswanathan AN, Feskanich D, Schernhammer ES, Hankinson SE (2008). "Aspirin, NSAID, and Acetaminophen Use and the Risk of Endometrial Cancer". Cancer Research. 68 (7): 2507–2513. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-6257. PMC 2857531. PMID 18381460.
  15. ↑ Mangus, Brent C.; Miller, Michael G. (2005). Pharmacology application in athletic training. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: F.A. Davis. p. 39. ISBN 9780803620278. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  16. ↑ Aghababian, Richard V. (22 October 2010). Essentials of emergency medicine. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. p. 814. ISBN 978-1-4496-1846-9. Archived from the original on 17 August 2016.
  17. ↑ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  18. ↑ Hamilton, Richard J. (2013). Tarascon pocket pharmacopoeia : 2013 classic shirt-pocket edition (27th ed.). Burlington, Massachusetts: Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 12. ISBN 9781449665869. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.
  19. ↑ "Paracetamol". Archived from the original on 22 January 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  20. ↑ "Acetaminophen prices, coupons and patient assistance programs". Archived from the original on 16 February 2016. Retrieved 19 February 2016.
  21. ↑ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 25 February 2020.
  22. ↑ "Acetaminophen Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 April 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.

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