Portal:Chile

The Chile Portal

Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the Southern Cone of southwestern South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, extending along a narrow strip of land between the Andes Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. According to the 2024 census, Chile had an enumerated population of 18.5 million. The country covers a territorial area of 756,102 square kilometers (291,933 sq mi), sharing borders with Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage to the south. It also administers several Pacific islands, including Juan Fernández, Isla Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas, and Easter Island, and claims about 1,250,000 square kilometers (480,000 sq mi) of Antarctica as the Chilean Antarctic Territory. The capital and largest city is Santiago, and the official and national language is Spanish.

Spain conquered and colonized the region in the mid-16th century, replacing Inca rule; however, they failed to conquer the autonomous tribal Mapuche people who inhabited what is now south-central Chile. Chile emerged as a relatively stable authoritarian republic in the 1830s after its 1818 declaration of independence from Spain. During the 19th century, Chile experienced significant economic and territorial growth, putting an end to Mapuche resistance in the 1880s and gaining its current northern territory in the War of the Pacific (1879–83) by defeating Peru and Bolivia.

In the 20th century, until the 1970s, Chile underwent a process of democratization and experienced rapid population growth and urbanization, while relying increasingly on exports from copper mining to support its economy. During the 1960s and 1970s, the country was marked by severe left-right political polarization and turmoil, which culminated in the 11 September 1973 coup d'état, with support from the United States, that overthrew Salvador Allende's democratically elected left-wing government. This was followed by a 16-and-a-half-year right-wing military dictatorship led by Augusto Pinochet, during which the 1980 Constitution was enacted, along with numerous political and economic reforms, and which was marked by widespread human rights violations, including more than 3,000 deaths and disappearances. After the coup d'état, an armed leftist resistance movement against Augusto Pinochet's dictatorship developed until the regime ended in 1990, following a referendum in 1988, and was succeeded by a center-left coalition, which ruled until 2010. (Full article...)

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Aerial photograph of volcan Sollipulli, looking southeast. The dark red feature on the side of Sollipulli is the cinder cone called Chufquen which formed during the most recent eruption, about 700 years ago.

Sollipulli (Spanish pronunciation: [soʝiˈpuʝi]; lit. 'reddish mountain' in the Mapuche language) is an ice-filled volcanic caldera and volcanic complex, which lies southeast of the small town of Melipeuco in the La Araucanía Region, Chile. It is part of the Southern Volcanic Zone of the Andes, one of the four volcanic belts in the Andes chain.

The volcano has evolved in close contact with glacial ice. It differs from many calderas in that Sollipulli appears to have collapsed in a non-explosive manner. The age of collapse is not yet known, but it is presently filled with ice to thicknesses of 650 m (2,130 ft). The ice drains through two glaciers in the west and the north of the caldera. Sollipulli has developed on a basement formed by Mesozoic and Cenozoic geological formations. (Full article...)

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Vicuna at Museno Nacional de Bellas Artes, Chile, in 2014

Cecilia Vicuña (born 1948) is a Chilean poet and artist based in New York and Santiago, Chile.

Her work is noted for themes of language, memory, dissolution, extinction and exile. Critics also note the relevance of her work to the politics of ecological destruction, cultural homogenization, and economic disparity, particularly the way in which such phenomena disenfranchise the already powerless. Her commitment to feminist forms and methodologies is considered to be a unifying theme across her diverse body of work, among which her fibre art quipus, knotted or unknotted strings, palabrarmas and precarios, made from natural, delicate materials, stand out. Her practice has been specifically linked to the term eco-feminism. (Full article...)

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Calabozos is a Holocene caldera in central Chile's Maule Region (7th Region). Part of the Chilean Andes' volcanic segment, it is considered a member of the Southern Volcanic Zone (SVZ), one of the three distinct volcanic belts of South America. This most active section of the Andes runs along central Chile's western edge, and includes more than 70 of Chile's stratovolcanoes and volcanic fields. Calabozos lies in an extremely remote area of poorly glaciated mountains.

Calabozos and the majority of the Andean volcanoes formed from the subduction of the oceanic Nazca Plate under the continental South American continental lithosphere. The caldera is in a transitional region between thick and thin lithosphere, and is probably supplied by a pool of andesitic and rhyolitic magma. It sits on a historic bed of volcanic and plutonic sedimentary rock (rock formed within the Earth) that in turn sits on top of a layer of merged sedimentary and metamorphic rock. (Full article...)

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General images

Image 1"No" supporters celebrate their victory in the 1988 referendum (from History of Chile)
Image 2Map showing changes of territory due to the War of the Pacific (from History of Chile)
Image 3Picture "The young Lautaro" of Pedro Subercaseaux that show to genius military and hero of the Arauco war after the arrival of the Spanish to Chilean territory (from History of Chile)
Image 4Picture of the 1915 presidential election in Chile (from History of Chile)
Image 5Diego Portales (from History of Chile)
Image 6Juan Ladrillero took possession of the Strait of Magellan for the Governorate of Chile and the King of Spain in 1558. (from History of Chile)
Image 7Nobel laureate Gabriela Mistral (from Culture of Chile)
Image 8Estadio Nacional de Chile (from Culture of Chile)
Image 9Five presidents of Chile since Transition to democracy (1990–2022), celebrating the Bicentennial of Chile (from History of Chile)
Image 10Paila marina (from Culture of Chile)
Image 11Chilean huaso singing (from Culture of Chile)
Image 12The Mapuche were the original inhabitants of central and southern Chile (from History of Chile)
Image 13José Manuel Balmaceda (from History of Chile)
Image 14Chilean patriots, by Johann Moritz Rugendas (from History of Chile)
Image 15Marchers for Salvador Allende (from History of Chile)
Image 16The Arauco War. The painting depicts a woman being kidnapped during a malón (from History of Chile)
Image 17Fiestas Patrias of Chile, 1854 (from History of Chile)
Image 18Territorial losses of the Republic of Chile de jure (by law) according to Chilean historiography. (from History of Chile)
Image 19Arturo Alessandri Palma (from History of Chile)

Did you know (auto generated)

... that singer Tati Penna was considered one of the first feminists on Chilean television?
... that anti-Pinochet dissident Luis Corvalán had his appearance surgically altered by Soviet doctors before returning to Chile?
... that the Regional Workers' Federation of Chile made anarchism a national force?
... that the 2024 Chilean census was delayed twice by a total of nearly two years?
... that a park in Chile features a 7-metre-tall (23 ft) statue of Pope John Paul II covered in plants?
... that Rincón Chileno was nicknamed the "second Chilean consulate" by the Chilean immigrant community in Los Angeles?

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This is a list of recognized content, updated weekly by JL-Bot (talk · contribs) (typically on Saturdays). There is no need to edit the list yourself. If an article is missing from the list, make sure it is tagged (e.g. {{WikiProject Chile}}) or categorized correctly and wait for the next update. See WP:RECOG for configuration options.

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360-degree Panorama of the Southern Sky edit
A 360 degree panorama of a unique cloudscape over La Silla
American kestrel (Falco sparverius cinnamominus) male Leona Amarga
Andean condor (Vultur gryphus) male Farellones
Black-necked swan (Cygnus melancoryphus) Santiago
Blanco's Open Dome (Cerro-Tololo-Drone-Pic 15-CC) - edit1
Chiloe wigeon (Mareca sibilatrix) male Tricao 3
Chimango caracara (Daptrius chimango temucoensis) female Puerto Varas
Culpeo MC
FCAB EMD GT22CU-3 San Pedro - Ascotan
Gauchowheat edit2
Guanaco (Lama guanicoe) Leona Amarga 2
Géiseres del Tatio, Atacama, Chile, 2016-02-01, DD 03-05 HDR
Laguna Miñiques, Chile, 2016-02-08, DD 33-38 PAN
Laser Towards Milky Ways Centre
Lesser rhea (Rhea pennata pennata) Torres del Paine
Long-tailed meadowlark (Leistes loyca loyca) breeding male Leona Amarga
Miscanti Lagoon near San Pedro de Atacama Chile Luca Galuzzi 2006
Moai Rano raraku
Paranal and the Pacific at sunset (dsc4088, retouched, cropped)
Puma (Puma concolor concolor) female Leona Amarga
SQM GE 289A Boxcab Carmelita - Reverso
The European Extremely Large Telescope
Volcanos Lascar left and Aguas Calientes right
Volcán Aucanquilcha, Chile, 2016-02-10, DD 11
Volcán San Pedro, Chile, 2016-02-09, DD 18
Vortex-street-1

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