fos

See also: FOS, fós, fős, fös, and F/Os

Translingual

Symbol

fos

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Siraya.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Siraya terms

Catalan

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern) [ˈfus]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic, Central, Valencia, Northwestern) [ˈfos]

Verb

fos

1. first/third-person singular imperfect subjunctive of ser
2. first/third-person singular imperfect subjunctive of ésser

Etymology 2

From Latin fūsus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern) [ˈfus]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic, Central, Valencia, Northwestern) [ˈfos]

Participle

fos (feminine fosa, masculine plural fosos, feminine plural foses)

1. past participle of fondre

Etymology 3

From Latin fūsus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern) [ˈfo̞s]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic, Central, Valencia, Northwestern) [ˈfɔs]

Noun

fos m (plural fossos)

1. (Alghero) alternative form of fossa

Cornish

Etymology

From Middle Cornish fôs, from Proto-Brythonic *fos, from Latin fossa. Cognate with Welsh ffos (“ditch, moat”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fɔːz/

Noun

fos f (plural fosow)

1. wall

Derived terms

• paper fos (“wallpaper”)
• toll y'n fos (“cash machine, ATM”)

References

• “fos” in Cornish Dictionary / Gerlyver Kernewek, Akademi Kernewek.

Danish

Alternative forms

• fors (rare)

Etymology

Revived ca. 1750 through Norwegian foss, from Old Norse foss, fors. Cognate with Swedish fors, Faroese fossur, and Icelandic foss.

Noun

fos c (singular definite fossen, plural indefinite fosser or (now rare) fosse)

1. (Norway) waterfall

   Synonym: vandfald

   • 1872, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, “Bjørnejægeren [The Bear Hunter]”, in Fortællinger [Tales], page 359:

     Den var bunden med Jærnlænker, sagde han, og endda havde den slidt over den, som var om Forbenene; han saa tydelig, der var Liv i den, og Blod gik ifra den som en Fos!

     It was bound with iron chains, he said, and yet it had broken the one around its front legs; he saw clearly that it was alive, and blood flowed from it like a waterfall!

   • 1933, Knut Hamsun, Mens livet lever [While Life Plays], pages 276–277:

     Det stod et vaatt Drev og en besk Vind fra Fossen ovenfor, skjønt Solen skinnet var det Veir til Oljehyr og Sydvest.

     There was a wet drift and a bitter wind from the waterfall above, and even if the sun shone, there was weather for an oilskin suit and ou’wester.

Descendants

• Norwegian Bokmål: foss

References

• “fos,1” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Hungarian

Etymology

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *pačke like Northern Mansi пось (posʹ), Finnish paska and Estonian pask. For the verb sense, see also fosik.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈfoʃ]
• Hyphenation: fos
• Rhymes: -oʃ

Noun

fos (usually uncountable, plural fosok)

2. (vulgar) liquid excrement

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	fos	fosok
accusative	fost	fosokat
dative	fosnak	fosoknak
instrumental	fossal	fosokkal
causal-final	fosért	fosokért
translative	fossá	fosokká
terminative	fosig	fosokig
essive-formal	fosként	fosokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	fosban	fosokban
superessive	foson	fosokon
adessive	fosnál	fosoknál
illative	fosba	fosokba
sublative	fosra	fosokra
allative	foshoz	fosokhoz
elative	fosból	fosokból
delative	fosról	fosokról
ablative	fostól	fosoktól
non-attributive possessive – singular	fosé	fosoké
non-attributive possessive – plural	foséi	fosokéi

Possessive forms of fos

possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	fosom	fosaim
2nd person sing.	fosod	fosaid
3rd person sing.	fosa	fosai
1st person plural	fosunk	fosaink
2nd person plural	fosotok	fosaitok
3rd person plural	fosuk	fosaik

Adjective

fos (comparative fosabb, superlative legfosabb)

1. (slang) shitty, crappy, trashy, worthless

   Synonyms: ócska, gyatra, silány

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	fos	fosok
accusative	fost	fosokat
dative	fosnak	fosoknak
instrumental	fossal	fosokkal
causal-final	fosért	fosokért
translative	fossá	fosokká
terminative	fosig	fosokig
essive-formal	fosként	fosokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	fosban	fosokban
superessive	foson	fosokon
adessive	fosnál	fosoknál
illative	fosba	fosokba
sublative	fosra	fosokra
allative	foshoz	fosokhoz
elative	fosból	fosokból
delative	fosról	fosokról
ablative	fostól	fosoktól
non-attributive possessive – singular	fosé	fosoké
non-attributive possessive – plural	foséi	fosokéi

Verb

fos

2. (vulgar) alternative form of fosik (“to pass liquid excrement”)

Usage notes

This form also occurs when a verbal prefix is separated from the verb:

• fos (…) le, le … fos ― lefos
• and some more, see its derivatives with verbal prefixes.

Conjugation

Conjugation of fos

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive	indica­tive	pre­sent	indef.	fosok	fosol	fos	fosunk	fostok	fosnak
			def.	fosom	fosod	fossa	fossuk	fossátok	fossák
			2nd obj	foslak
		past	indef.	fostam	fostál	fosott	fostunk	fostatok	fostak
			def.	fostam	fostad	fosta	fostuk	fostátok	fosták
			2nd obj	fostalak
		future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. fosni fog.
archaic preterite		indef.	fosék	fosál	fosa	fosánk	fosátok	fosának
		def.	fosám	fosád	fosá	fosánk	fosátok	fosák
		2nd obj	fosálak
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. fos vala, fosott vala/volt.
archaic future	indef.	fosandok	fosandasz	fosand	fosandunk	fosandotok	fosandanak
	def.	fosandom	fosandod	fosandja	fosandjuk	fosandjátok	fosandják
	2nd obj	fosandalak
condi­tional	pre­sent	indef.	fosnék	fosnál	fosna	fosnánk	fosnátok	fosnának
		def.	fosnám	fosnád	fosná	fosnánk (or fosnók)	fosnátok	fosnák
		2nd obj	fosnálak
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. fosott volna
sub­junc­tive	sub­junc­tive	pre­sent	indef.	fossak	foss or fossál	fosson	fossunk	fossatok	fossanak
			def.	fossam	fosd or fossad	fossa	fossuk	fossátok	fossák
			2nd obj	fossalak
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. fosott légyen
infinitive	fosni		fosnom	fosnod	fosnia	fosnunk	fosnotok	fosniuk
other forms	verbal noun		present part.	past part.	future part.	adverbial participle		causative
	fosás		fosó	fosott	fosandó	fosva (fosván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).

Potential conjugation of fos

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive	indica­tive	pre­sent	indef.	foshatok	foshatsz	foshat	foshatunk	foshattok	foshatnak
			def.	foshatom	foshatod	foshatja	foshatjuk	foshatjátok	foshatják
			2nd obj	foshatlak
		past	indef.	foshattam	foshattál	foshatott	foshattunk	foshattatok	foshattak
			def.	foshattam	foshattad	foshatta	foshattuk	foshattátok	foshatták
			2nd obj	foshattalak
archaic preterite		indef.	foshaték	foshatál	foshata	foshatánk	foshatátok	foshatának
		def.	foshatám	foshatád	foshatá	foshatánk	foshatátok	foshaták
		2nd obj	foshatálak
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. foshat vala, foshatott vala/volt.
archaic future	indef.	foshatandok or fosandhatok	foshatandasz or fosandhatsz	foshatand or fosandhat	foshatandunk or fosandhatunk	foshatandotok or fosandhattok	foshatandanak or fosandhatnak
	def.	foshatandom or fosandhatom	foshatandod or fosandhatod	foshatandja or fosandhatja	foshatandjuk or fosandhatjuk	foshatandjátok or fosandhatjátok	foshatandják or fosandhatják
	2nd obj	foshatandalak or fosandhatlak
condi­tional	pre­sent	indef.	foshatnék	foshatnál	foshatna	foshatnánk	foshatnátok	foshatnának
		def.	foshatnám	foshatnád	foshatná	foshatnánk (or foshatnók)	foshatnátok	foshatnák
		2nd obj	foshatnálak
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. foshatott volna
sub­junc­tive	sub­junc­tive	pre­sent	indef.	foshassak	foshass or foshassál	foshasson	foshassunk	foshassatok	foshassanak
			def.	foshassam	foshasd or foshassad	foshassa	foshassuk	foshassátok	foshassák
			2nd obj	foshassalak
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. foshatott légyen
infinitive	(foshatni)		(foshatnom)	(foshatnod)	(foshatnia)	(foshatnunk)	(foshatnotok)	(foshatniuk)
other forms	positive adjective			negative adjective		adverbial participle
	fosható			foshatatlan		(foshatva / foshatván)

Derived terms

With verbal prefixes

• befos
• belefos
• kifos
• lefos
• összefos

Further reading

• (noun sense): fos in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
• (verb sense): fos , partly redirecting to fosik in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish foss (“rest”).

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /fˠɔsˠ/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /fˠɞsˠ/

Noun

fos m (genitive singular fois, uncountable) (literary)

1. rest, a stop, a halt

   Synonym: sos

2. a prop, buttress, wall

Declension

Declension of fos (first declension, no plural)

bare forms singular nominative fos vocative a fhois genitive fois dative fos forms with the definite article singular nominative an fos genitive an fhois dative leis an bhfos don fhos

Derived terms

• i bhfos
• lucht fois

Related terms

• abhus
• anois

Mutation

Mutated forms of fos

radical	lenition	eclipsis
fos	fhos	bhfos

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 foss, fos”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904), “fos”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla [Irish and English Dictionary], 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 332
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “fos”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla [Irish–English Dictionary], Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Jamaican Creole

Jamaican Creole numbers ^(edit)

		10
		1	2  →	10  →
Cardinal: wan     Ordinal: fos

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fos/

Etymology 1

Inherited from English first.

Adjective

fos

1. first
   • 2012, Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment, Edinburgh: DJB, published 2012, →ISBN, Jan 4:4:

     Bot im did afi paas chuu Samieriya fos.

     But he had to pass through Samaria first.

Etymology 2

Inherited from English fuss.

Noun

fos (plural fos dem, quantified fos)

1. fuss

Further reading

• fos at majstro.com
• “A Learner’s Grammar of Jamaican”, in Open Grammar Project‎^[1], 2015, Glossary‎^[2]

Mauritian Creole

Etymology

From French faux, fausse.

Adjective

fos

1. false

   Antonym: vre

Related terms

• fosdan
• fose
• foser
• foste

References

• Baker, Philip; Hookoomsing, Vinesh Y. (1987), Diksiyoner kreol morisyeṅ [Mauritian Creole Dictionary] (in French and English), Paris: L'Harmattan, →ISBN, page 109
• Carpooran, Arnaud (2011), Diksioner Morisien [Mauritian Dictionary] (in Mauritian Creole), second edition, Éditions Le Printemps, →ISBN, pages 370-371

Middle English

Noun

fos

1. plural of fo

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfɔs/
• Rhymes: -ɔs
• Syllabification: fos

Noun

fos

1. genitive plural of fosa

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfos/ [ˈfos]
• IPA^(key): (Canary Islands) /ˈfos/ [ˈfo(h)]
• Rhymes: -os
• Syllabification: fos

Interjection

¡fos!

1. (Canary Islands) Said when noticing a bad smell. ew, ugh

Further reading

• “fos”, in Diccionario Básico de Canarismos [Basic Dictionary of Canarianisms] (in Spanish), Canarian Academy of the Language [Spanish: Academia Canaria de La Lengua], 2010

Tetum

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəRas. Compare Javanese wos, Malay beras.

Noun

fos

1. husked rice

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English force.

Noun

fos

1. force