
ãæ°èåžå Žçµæžã§ã®çºæ¿ã¬ãŒãã®ã³ã³ãããŒã«ðããModeling Sterilized Interventions and Balance Sheet Effects of Monetary Policy in a New-Keynesian FrameworkãïŒIMF Working Paper No.4ð2023/11/12
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Author/Editor:Jaromir Benes ; Andrew Berg ; Rafael A Portillo ; David Vávra
Publication Date: January 14, 2013
ååã®ã埩ç¿ãð
Modeling Sterilized Interventions and Balance Sheet Effects of Monetary Policy in a New-Keynesian Framework
Author/Editor:Jaromir Benes ; Andrew Berg ; Rafael A Portillo ; David Vávra
Publication Date: January 14, 2013
II. Exchange Rate Targeting and Exchange Rate Intervention: Two Unrelated Literatures
The Exchange Rate targeting Literature
Most of the macroeconomic literature dealing with the role of the exchange rate in monetary policy has very limited applicability for emerging market and developing economies.
Authors typically assume the central bank has only one instrumentâthe interest rateâthat is used to target both inflation and potentially the exchange rate, and leave aside direct FX market interventions and the different channels through which they may operate.
As we will see, this âExchange rate targetingâ literature therefore has limited applicability for many important questions.
éèæ¿çã«ãããçºæ¿ã¬ãŒãã®åœ¹å²ãæ±ã£ããã¯ãçµæžæç®ã®ã»ãšãã©ã¯ãæ°èåžå Žåœãçºå±éäžåœãžã®é©çšãéåžžã«éãããŠããŸãð
èè
ãã¯éåžžãäžå€®éè¡ãã€ã³ãã¬ãšæœåšçãªçºæ¿ã¬ãŒãã®äž¡æ¹ãç®æšãšããããã«äœ¿çšããææ®µã¯éå©ãšãããã 1ã€ã ãã§ãããå€åœçºæ¿åžå Žãžã®çŽæ¥çãªä»å
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¥ãè¡ãããå¯èœæ§ãããããŸããŸãªãã£ãã«ã¯äžæŠå¯Ÿè±¡å€ãšããŠçœ®ããŠãããšæ³å®ããŠããŸã
ãããã£ãŠãããããããââãããã«ããã®ãçºæ¿ã¬ãŒãç®æšâExchange rate targetingâãã«é¢ããæç®ã¯ãå€ãã®éèŠãªè³ªåã«å¯Ÿããé©çšç¯å²ãéãããŠããã®ã§ã
Much of this literature is concerned with investigating implicit or âdirtyâ inflation targetingâa combination of inflation targeting and some exchange rate objective.
Most authors investigate the conditions under which it makes sense for the central bank to include the exchange rate in the reaction function for its policy rate (Taylor, 2001, Natalucci and Ravenna, 2002, and Roger et al., 2009, which contains a good summary).
ãã®æç®ã®å€ãã¯ãã€ã³ãã¬ã¿ãŒã²ãã£ã³ã°æ¿çã«ãããç®æšãšçºæ¿ã¬ãŒãã®å®å®åã®ããã®ç®æšã¬ãŒãã®çµã¿åããïŒa combination of inflation targeting and some exchange rate objectiveïŒã«ãã£ãŠå®çŸããããšèããããæé»ã®ã€ã³ãã¬ãŸãã¯ãæ±ãâdirtyâãã€ã³ãã¬ã®èª¿æ»ã«é¢ä¿ããŠããŸã
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ãã¯ãäžå€®éè¡ãæããçºæ¿ã¬ãŒããå«ãŸããæ¿çéå©ã®åå¿é¢æ°ãçã«ããªãæ¡ä»¶ã調æ»ããŠããŸã
â»äžå€®éè¡ãæããæ¿çéå©ç®æšãéæããããã«çºæ¿ã¬ãŒããå
å
ããæ¿çåå¿é¢æ°ã«ãããŠããããæå³ãæããããªæ¡ä»¶ã調æ»ããŠããŸãïŒ
(Taylor(2001)Natalucci and Ravenna(2002)ããã³ Roger et al.ã(2009)ãããã«ã¯åªããèŠçŽãå«ãŸããŠããŸãð)
While there is little theoretical role for the exchange rate in interest rate rules in models of developed economies, the situation is more complicated for emerging markets.
Many authors have analyzed the exchange rate in the reaction function in the context of financially vulnerable or dollarized economies (e.g. Moron and Winkleried, 2005, Batini at al., 2007).
Leitemo and Soderstrom (2005) explore the effects of policy transmission uncertainty as a common feature in emerging economies.
Roger et al. (2009) also look at policy credibility and expectations formation.
Structural features of emerging market economies, such as high productivity growth or limited recourse to intertemporal substitution, are investigated by Natalucci and Ravenna (2008) and Roger et al. (2009).
å
é²åœçµæžã®ã¢ãã«ã«ãããéå©ã«ãŒã«ã«ãããçºæ¿ã¬ãŒãã®çè«ç圹å²ã¯ã»ãšãã©ãããŸããããæ°èåžå Žã§ã¯ç¶æ³ãããè€é(more complicated for emerging markets)ã§ã
å€ãã®èè
ãã財æ¿çã«è匱(vulnerable)ãªçµæžããã«åãããçµæžãšããæèã§ãåå¿é¢æ°ã«ãããçºæ¿ã¬ãŒããåæããŠããŸãïŒäŸ: Moron and Winkleriedã2005ãBatini et al.(2007)ïŒ
Leitemo ãš Soderstrom (2005) ã¯ãæ°èåœçµæžã«å
±éããç¹åŸŽãšããŠæ¿çäŒéã®äžç¢ºå®æ§ã®åœ±é¿(the effects of policy transmission uncertainty)ã調æ»ããŠããŸã
ãŸãRoger et al. (2009) ã¯ãæ¿çã®ä¿¡é Œæ§ãšæåŸ
ã®åœ¢æ(policy credibility and expectations formation)ã«ã€ããŠãèå¯ããŠããŸã
é«ãçç£æ§ã®äŒžã³ãç°æç¹éã®ä»£æ¿ææ®µãžã®éå®çãªäŸåãªã©ãæ°èåžå Žçµæžã®æ§é çç¹åŸŽã¯ãNatalucci and Ravenna (2008)ããã³ Roger et al. (2008) ã«ãã£ãŠèª¿æ»ãããŠããŸã
The literature finds only limited support for including the exchange rate in reaction functions in emerging markets and points at significant risks, despite all the distortions and EMâspecific features analyzed in these models.
For instance, Roger et al. (2009) conclude that having an exchange rate term in the interest rate rule may help to reduce volatility of the exchange rate, interest rate, and trade balance, but that this may come at a cost in terms of inflation and output volatility, especially if the economy is exposed to demand and cost-push shocks.
They also note that any benefits tend to disappear with high degrees of exchange rate targeting.
ãããã®ã¢ãã«ã§åæããããã¹ãŠã®æªã¿ãšEMç¹æã®ç¹åŸŽ(EMâspecific features)ã«ããããããããã®æç®ã§ã¯ãæ°èåœåžå Žã®åå¿é¢æ°ã«çºæ¿ã¬ãŒããå«ããããšã«å¯Ÿããæ¯æã¯éãããŠãããé倧ãªãªã¹ã¯ãææããŠããŸã
ããšãã°ã Roger et al. (2009) ã¯ãéå©ã«ãŒã«ã«çºæ¿ã¬ãŒãæ¡ä»¶ãèšããããšã¯ãçºæ¿ã¬ãŒããéå©ã貿æåæ¯ã®ãã©ãã£ãªãã£ãäœäžãããã®ã«åœ¹ç«ã€ãããããªãããç¹ã«ãã®çµæžãçµæžã¯éèŠãšã³ã¹ãæŒãäžãã®ã·ã§ãã¯ã«ãããããŠãããããªå Žåã«ã¯ãã€ã³ãã¬ãšçç£ã®ãã©ãã£ãªãã£ã®ç¹ã§ã³ã¹ãããããå¯èœæ§ããããšçµè«ä»ããŠããŸãð
圌ãã¯ãŸããçºæ¿ã¬ãŒããé«åºŠã«ã¿ãŒã²ããã«ãã(high degrees of exchange rate targeting)ãšãã©ããªã¡ãªããã倱ãããåŸåããããšãææããŠããã®ã§ãðŠ
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çµæžç ç©¶ãVol.54 No.2 Apr. 2003
ãEffects of the Bank of Japanâs intervention on yen/dollar exchange rate volatilityã21 November 2004
Toshiaki Watanabe (a), Kimie Harada(b)
ãThe Effects of Japanese Foreign Exchange Intervention: GARCH Estimation and Change Point Detectionã
Eric Hillebrand Gunther Schnabl Discussion
Paper No.6 October 2003
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