
ã瀟äŒçã¹ãã£ã°ãïŒsocial stigmaïŒããšãæ°å®æ2äžèª²é¡ã
ãStigma: The Machinery of InequalityãïŒ2020幎ïŒã¯ãã€ã¢ãŒãžã§ã³ã»ã¿ã€ã©ãŒã®èæžã§ãã¹ãã£ã°ãïŒçå°ïŒãã©ã®ããã«ç€ŸäŒçäžå¹³çãæ°žç¶ãããã¡ã«ããºã ãšããŠæ©èœããŠããããåæããŠããŸãã
ãã®æ¬ã§ã¿ã€ã©ãŒã¯ãã¹ãã£ã°ããåãªãå人çãªåèŠãå·®å¥ã§ã¯ãªããç€ŸäŒæ§é ã«æ·±ãçµã¿èŸŒãŸããã·ã¹ãã ã§ããããšã䞻匵ããŠããŸããã¹ãã£ã°ãã¯ãç¹å®ã®ã°ã«ãŒãããä»è ããšããŠå®çŸ©ãã圌ãã瀟äŒããæé€ããè³æºãæ©äŒãžã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãå¶éããããã«å©çšãããŸãã
äž»ãªãã€ã³ã:
ã¹ãã£ã°ãã®æŽå²çã»ç€ŸäŒçæ§ç¯: ã¿ã€ã©ãŒã¯ãã¹ãã£ã°ããæŽå²çã«ã©ã®ããã«æ§ç¯ããã瀟äŒçã«åŒ·åãããŠããããèå¯ããŸããäŸãã°ãè²§å°ã粟ç¥çŸæ£ãäººçš®ãæ§å¥ãæ§çæåãªã©ãããŸããŸãªã«ããŽãªãŒã«ã¹ãã£ã°ããã©ã®ããã«ä»äžãããŠããããåæããŸãã
ã¹ãã£ã°ãã®ã¡ã«ããºã : æ¬æžã§ã¯ãã¹ãã£ã°ããã©ã®ããã«æ©èœãããã詳现ã«èª¬æããŠããŸããããã«ã¯ãã¬ããã«è²Œããã¹ãã¬ãªã¿ã€ãåãå·®å¥ãæé€ãªã©ãå«ãŸããŸããã¿ã€ã©ãŒã¯ããããã®ã¡ã«ããºã ãã©ã®ããã«çžäºäœçšããäžå¹³çãæ°žç¶ãããããæããã«ããŸãã
ã¹ãã£ã°ãã®åœ±é¿: ã¹ãã£ã°ããå人ãã³ãã¥ããã£ã«äžãã圱é¿ã«ã€ããŠãã¿ã€ã©ãŒã¯æ·±ãæãäžããŠããŸããããã«ã¯ãã¡ã³ã¿ã«ãã«ã¹ãå¥åº·ãæè²ãéçšãäœå® ãªã©ãããŸããŸãªåŽé¢ãå«ãŸããŸãã
ã¹ãã£ã°ãã«å¯Ÿããæµæ: ã¿ã€ã©ãŒã¯ãã¹ãã£ã°ãã«æµæãã瀟äŒå€é©ãä¿é²ããããã®æŠç¥ã«ã€ããŠãèå¯ããŸããããã«ã¯ã瀟äŒéåãã¢ããã«ã·ãŒãæè²ããããŠã¹ãã£ã°ãåããã人ã ã®ãšã³ãã¯ãŒã¡ã³ããå«ãŸããŸãã
ããªãªãã©ãªãºã ãšã®é¢é£: æ¬æžã¯ãããªãªãã©ãªãºã ãã¹ãã£ã°ããã©ã®ããã«æªåãããŠããããåæããŠããŸããããªãªãã©ãªãºã ã¯ãå人ã®è²¬ä»»ã匷調ãã瀟äŒçãªå®å šç¶²ã匱äœåãããããšã§ãã¹ãã£ã°ãåããã人ã ãããã«è匱ã«ããŠãããšã¿ã€ã©ãŒã¯äž»åŒµããŸãã
ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ
ãµã©ã»ã©ãã£ãã¯ã®ãæ¯æ§ã®æèãïŒåé¡ïŒMaternal Thinking: Toward a Politics of Peace, 1989ïŒã¯ããã§ãããºã å«çãå¹³åç ç©¶ããããŠæ¯æ§ã«é¢ããéèŠãªèäœã§ãããã®æ¬ã¯ãäŒçµ±çãªå«çèŠ³ãæ¿æ²»ææ³ã«ææŠããæ¯æ§çãªå®è·µããçãŸããç¬èªã®æèæ§åŒãæç€ºããããšã§ãå¹³åãªç€ŸäŒã®æ§ç¯ã«è²¢ç®ã§ããå¯èœæ§ã瀺åããŠããŸãã
以äžã«ãæ¬æžã®äž»èŠãªãã€ã³ãããŸãšããŸãã
äž»èŠãªæŠå¿µãšè°è«:
æ¯æ§ã®æè (Maternal Thinking): ã©ãã£ãã¯ã¯ãæ¯æ§çãªå®è·µïŒåäŸã®äžè©±ãæé·ã®ä¿é²ãå®å šã®ç¢ºä¿ãªã©ïŒãéããŠåœ¢æãããç¹å®ã®æèæ§åŒããæ¯æ§ã®æèããšå®çŸ©ããŸããããã¯ãåã«çç©åŠçãªæ¯èŠªã§ããããšã§ã¯ãªããåäŸã®ããŒãºã«å¿ãã責任ãæããããšãéããŠè²ãŸããæèæ§åŒã§ãã
æ¯æ§ã®å®è·µ (Maternal Practice): æ¯æ§ã®æèã¯ãæœè±¡çãªçè«ã§ã¯ãªããå ·äœçãªå®è·µããçãŸããŸããã©ãã£ãã¯ã¯ãåäŸã®äžè©±ãæè²ãä¿è·ãšãã£ãæ¥åžžçãªæŽ»åãéããŠãæ¯æ§ã®æèãã©ã®ããã«åœ¢æãããããåæããŸãã
æ³šææ·±ãæ (Attentive Love): æ¯æ§ã®æèã®äžæ žã«ããã®ã¯ãåäŸãžã®æ·±ãææ ãšããã®ããŒãºã«å¯Ÿããæ³šææ·±ãã§ããããã¯ãåäŸã®æé·ãä¿ããå®å šã確ä¿ããããã«äžå¯æ¬ ãªèŠçŽ ã§ãã
責任 (Responsibility): æ¯æ§ã®æèã¯ãåäŸã®å¹žçŠã«å¯Ÿããæ·±ã責任æã䌎ããŸããããã¯ãåäŸã®ããŒãºã«å¿ããæœåšèœåãæå€§éã«åŒãåºãããã«ãæéããšãã«ã®ãŒããããŠææ çãªè³æºãæè³ããããšãæå³ããŸãã
å¹³åã®æ¿æ²» (Politics of Peace): ã©ãã£ãã¯ã¯ãæ¯æ§ã®æèããæŽåãæå§ã®ãªããããå¹³åãªç€ŸäŒã®æ§ç¯ã«è²¢ç®ã§ãããšäž»åŒµããŸããæ¯æ§ã®æèã¯ãå ±æãã±ã¢ããããŠè²¬ä»»ãšãã£ã䟡å€èгãéèŠãããããçŽäºè§£æ±ºãç€ŸäŒæ£çŸ©ã®å®çŸã«åœ¹ç«ã€å¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
äŒçµ±çãªå«çãžã®æ¹å€: ã©ãã£ãã¯ã¯ãäŒçµ±çãªå«çåŠããæœè±¡çãªååãæ®éçãªã«ãŒã«ã«åããå ·äœçãªé¢ä¿æ§ãææ çãªåŽé¢ã軜èŠããŠãããšæ¹å€ããŸããæ¯æ§ã®æèã¯ãå«ççãªå€æã«ãããŠãå ·äœçãªç¶æ³ãé¢ä¿æ§ãèæ ®ããããšã®éèŠæ§ã匷調ããŸãã
å ¬å ±é åãžã®é©çš: ã©ãã£ãã¯ã¯ãæ¯æ§ã®æèããå®¶åºå ã ãã§ãªããå ¬å ±é åã«ãé©çšã§ãããšäž»åŒµããŸããæ¿æ²»ãæè²ãå»çãªã©ãããŸããŸãªåéã«ãããŠãæ¯æ§ã®æèãåãå ¥ããããšã§ãããå ¬æ£ã§æãããã®ãã瀟äŒãç¯ãããšãã§ããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
æ¬æžã®åœ±é¿:
ãæ¯æ§ã®æèãã¯ããã§ãããºã å«çãå¹³åç ç©¶ããããŠæ¯æ§ã«é¢ããè°è«ã«å€§ããªåœ±é¿ãäžããŸããããã®æ¬ã¯ãäŒçµ±çãªå«çèŠ³ãæ¿æ²»ææ³ã«ææŠããæ¯æ§çãªå®è·µããçãŸããç¥æµã瀟äŒå šäœã§æŽ»çšããããšã®éèŠæ§ã蚎ããŸããããŸããæ¯æ§ã®æèã¯ãã±ã¢ã®å«çãé¢ä¿æ§ã®å«çãšãã£ããä»ã®ãã§ãããºã å«çã®çºå±ã«ãè²¢ç®ããŸããã
以äžAIã¢ã·ã¹ã¿ã³ãããã
ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ
äžå€æããŠã
ãã«ã»ã€ã»ãã«ãŒã¹ãèã倱ãããŠãæãæ±ããŠãã§ã¯ãªããã30幎ã50幎ã80幎ã
æã æ¥æ¬äººãšå°ç人ã«ã¯ãäºæµã¹ããããä»ããååšããŠããæªç¥ã®äžçã¯ãçµå±ãéåã®éãåãããã®æ§ã«ãæç©ºã§æããæãæ³¢çŽããšãªãã®ã§ã¯ãªããïŒ
ãããŠããã
ã瀟äŒçã¹ãã£ã°ãïŒSocial StigmaïŒã
欧米ã°ããŒããªãºã ãæ©ã ã«å€§åé¡ãšããŠæ°ã¥ããé埳ã»å«çã®æ ¹å¹¹ãšãªããã®ãšããŠãããåŒã°ããŠããããã®ãªã®ã ããããæ¥æ¬ç€ŸäŒã¯ããŸãã«çµ¶æçã«ãã®æŠå¿µã軜èŠãããããŠç¡è²¬ä»»ãªç¡ç¥ãæãåºãããŸãŸãã°ããŒããªãºã ç²ä¿¡ããéããŠæ¥ãã®ã§ã¯ãªããïŒ
æ¥æ¬ç€ŸäŒã§å®éã«çãããããæ±ãã人ã«å¯Ÿå³ãããå»ççŠç¥æ¥çã»è¡æ¿ã»å°éå®¶ããæ¹æ³è«ã»ç åãªã©ãªãŒã«ãã¡ãã£ã¢ããªããã®ãã¬ããã«è²Œããåéè§£éãã°ãããç¹°ãè¿ããæ¥æ¬ç€ŸäŒãããã»ã«ã³ãã»ã¹ãã£ã°ãããåããã
ãã®è»å°çã®ãããªæ¥æ¬äººã®ã瀟äŒã¹ãã£ã°ãæŠå¿µã®äžåšãã倱ããç¶ãããå°ååãããåœåãã®æ ¹æºã ã£ããšãããïŒ
ãã¢ã»ãµããšã³ã¹ã®è¡åéžæã®æ ¹å¹¹ã¯ãæèãã ã
ã瀟äŒçã¹ãã£ã°ãããšãããç¡æèãããç Žå£çåµé ã®æå¶ãã瀟äŒç éãšããŠèå»¶ãããŠãããšãããïŒ
ãã®ã瀟äŒçã¹ãã£ã°ãããšããã瀟äŒç现èããžã®æãæ¹ãäžå¿è»žã«çœ®ãã¬éããã瀟äŒåé¡ãã¯æ°žé ã«å¢ãç¶ããã
æ¥æ¬ç€ŸäŒã®æªæ¥ãçã«å¥å šãªåœ¢ã§åã å«ã ãžç¶æ¿ããææãããã®ãªããä»ãçããæã ã«è²¬åããããšãããïŒ
ããã¯ãããåŸ ã£ããªãã ããã
ãä»ãããããŠããã€è¡ãã®ãïŒã
ã瀟äŒçã¹ãã£ã°ããšãã巚倧ãªã¬ã³çްèã«ã¡ã¹ãå ¥ãããã
ãã¹ãã¹çãªå»¶åœã»å¯ŸåŠçæ³ã§ã¯ãªããåµé çç Žå£ããããããæå³ã§æ±ããããŠããã
ãæ¥æ¬ã®æ°å®æãããäŒæ¥å®æãããäŒçµ±å®æãã®éããå ·äœçã«å®çŸ©ã现ååãããã®ãã°ããã瀟äŒçã¹ãã£ã°ããã«ãªãåŸããã©ããïŒ
ãæŽåå£å¯Ÿçæ³ãã®æ§ã«ãæ°å®æã»åã³äŒæ¥å®æå¯Ÿçæ³ãã®æ§ãªã®ãå¶å®ããŠããäºããªãéããã¬ã³çްèãã¯ããããçã æ¥æ¬ç€ŸäŒã®æ£åžžãªæ¥æ¬äººã®å¿ãç Žå£ã»é§éããŠããã ããã
ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ
å人çãªæãæ¹ãšããŠããç Žå£çåµé ãã¯ãæŸæ²ãã«éããªãè¿ãã
ãæŸæ²æ¿çããšã§ãèšãã°è¯ãã®ã ãããïŒ
æ¥æ¬åœã®æ ¹å¹¹ã«ä»ãæŸæ²ããæ±ããããŠããæ§ã«æããã
ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ
ãæèªãããããšãããããŸãã
ããããããã€æãŠããè§£ãã¬ãã®å°çããä»ãããã§æ®ããã ãããã®ãŸãŸã®éçãšããŠããnoteãã«ã¢ããããŒãããŠããäºãšããŠå®è·µããŠãããŸãã
ç§ã®ãnoteãããããªããšãã®æŽã«å
ã«ããäœããã®ååšã«ãããããå
ãææ¥ãžã®éå¯ãå®å¯§ãªãå¿ã®æ£²å®¶ã«ã€ãªããããã®ææã§äººé¡ãšããŠçããå
šãŠäººã
ããã®äœããèŠã€ãããã®èžã«å®¿ã£ãååšãããã®éã£ãçåœãè²ãé¢šãæ°Žã®ãããªæµãããè¿·ããšãã¯ãã€ã§ãäœããæããå
±æããããšãéãã§ãããããä»ãã®ç¬éãããã®åºäŒããäœãã§ããããšãããã€ãé¡ã£ãŠãããŸãã
- #æè
- #åäŸ
- #æ¥æ¬äºº
- #倧人ã®çºéé害
- #ããã
- #粟ç¥é害
- #å·®å¥
- #å«ç
- #è€éæ§PTSD
- #å¯èŠå
- #æ¯æ§
- #éææ§
- #å ¥ãæ¿ãã
- #宿äºäž
- #æåœå¿
- #ãã€ãã¹ããŒã
- #ã¹ãã£ã°ã
- #ã¿ãŒã³ãªãŒããŒ
- #æ¥æ¬åœ
- #ç Žå£çã€ãããŒã·ã§ã³
- #åµé çç Žå£
- #å®æãšæ¿æ²»
- #æ°å®æ
- #瀟äŒçã¹ãã£ã°ã
- #å¥å šå
- #äŒæ¥å®æ